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Comparision of the city-states of Sparta and Athens 
By: Samira Edwards
Sparta 
A warrior society in ancient Greece. After defeating city Athens in the Peloponnesian War in (431-404 B.C), it reached amount of its power. Between Spartans and the Athens, they had a lot of differences, cultures, and lifestyles. 

  • •The government belonged to the selected “The Few”
  • •The Ephors controlled education (both public and private)
  • •The Ephors planned/covened the assembly, gerousia, and exercised JUDICAL POWERS that included judgment and punishment
  • •Even determine charges against a king
  • •Ensuring the “SUPREMACY OF LAW”, was the job of the Ephors
Sparta Oligarchy 
Athenian oligarchy 
  • •Run by democracy (served it’s people/citizens better)
  • •Believed power is in the hands not of minority but of everybody
  • •Gave people a chance to determine what law should and shouldn’t be passed on
  • Deal with everyday situations 
  • Assembly debates problems/issues
Rigid social Structure: Sparta v athens 
Sparta: Rigid Social Structure 
•Their rigid social structure was basically like a rigid lifestyle
•Spartan, Lycurgus set harsh laws that expected every citizen to be dedicated to the state

-ex: Spartan boys at age 7 were taken from the own families and were set to be under servere military training

1.Lived away from families until age 30 and even after they were married.
2.They had to serve in the army until they were age 60
3.They had to wear uniforms, eat small meals, exercised barefooted, and were deeply punished for bad/disobedient behavior

-women had to be dedicated and loyal to the state

1.Women had more independence and rights than any other Greek city-states
2.Also expected to go into a strict excerisse program and were to participate/contribute to the SPARTAN SOCIETY

Athenian: Rigid Social Structure
•Well defined LOWER, MIDDLE, AND UPPER classes

Lower class:

-Mainly free men who had very poor families, once slaves; not citizens and had very little rights and say in politics

Middle class:

-Mainly non-citizens who couldn’t vote on their own land
-They were either merchant or traders who lived in Athens
1.Guarantee of work and economic stability
-A lot of middle class families were classified as citizens and could actually vote on their own land 

Upper class:

-To be classified upper class in the Athens city state, had to have a high rank in no job or military
-Had to free from economic burden of society
-And few families were also considered as upper class
MILITARISTIC and aggressive society: Sparta v Athens  
Sparta 
•Once 18 years old they were brought to harsh training and discipline, were taught how to steal their own food. If caught, they had to face harsh punishment
•Wore very few clothes, wore no shoes, they were taught to endure pain and hardship. Throughout teenage lives, they were taught how to box, swim, wrestle, etc.
•At the age of 20, they had to pass tests of physical leadership abilities and prowess. If some passed, they became members of the Spartan military and allowed to take a wife but wasn’t allowed to live with her.Everything said before had also happened to the women
•Overall even though Spartans weren’t liked they were HIGHLY REPSECTED



Athens
•Young boys were harshly tortured at home until at age 6 or 7 and were sent to school in neighborhoods for education until at age 14
•During their education years, younger boys were taught calisthenics, how to play ball games and older boys were taught military activities such as boxing and wrestling like Spartans expect for swimming and etc.
•They were expected to read such as in literature. Poems like Homer’s “Iliad and Odyssey”


cause of the Peloponnesian War
Sparta: Feared the Athens would stop them from trading. The oligarchy between the two was also the cause of the war. Leading from that, Sparta assumed Athens wanted to take more power.
Athenians: They also even feared military might of another league. Some set out and began to move into other city-states lands. They even used money in the DELIAN LEAGUE  for their own stuff/devices. They went from city-state to a Naval Empire. etc.
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